Tumor heterogeneity: a practical approach

The state-of-the-art practices applied to studying heterogeneity The contributors to this publication are pathologists involved in specific tumour diagnostics and molecular analysis. Various approaches described in the articles show the state-of-the-art knowledge applied to studying heterogeneity in different types of tumours. Compared to a wide range of available literature on intratumour heterogeneity in clinical research and diagnostics, the focus here is on practical methods for improving heterogeneity analysis of clinical material. This is relevant because no standardized types of examinations currently exist. Thus, this publication serves as a basis for development of standards in tumour tissue sampling, and in reproducible molecular analysis and interpretation. This is an invaluable resource for pathologists, oncologists, and molecular biologists. Other health professionals directly involved in clinical treatment of tumours, as well as in basic research, will also benefit greatly from this work.