Mathematical Modelling of Physical Systems 2021

The majority of fundamental discoveries in physics have been obtained through a process of mathematical modelling—namely, the formulation and application of theoretical models and analytic methods for the description of a certain phenomenon. Mathematical modelling is used to address the foundations of potential disagreements between background knowledge and observed data. For example, this is the case of dark matter and dark energy, whose mysterious natures are challenging the standard model of particle physics and/or general relativity. Additionally, in the case of severe conflicts between two or more well-established formulations, a process of the model building must be invoked. This is the case for the combination of quantum mechanics with gravity and its related side effects—e.g., the hierarchy problem, the trans-planckian problem, the information loss paradox. Due to the focus on physical theories, mathematical modelling is based on mathematics that can be understood and used by theoretical physicists. Mathematical modelling can also consist of the application of such methods to hard sciences, including biology, finance, geology, climatology and engineering. This Special Issue welcomes papers presenting major breakthroughs in modelling and drawing new scenarios. Please note that all submitted papers must be within the general scope of the Symmetry journal.