A BIM-Based Approach for Smart HVAC Design in Cruise Shipbuilding: Automation and Simulation Insights

The increasing complexity of shipboard systems and the growing demand for digital integration in marine design have accelerated the need for innovative, model-based engineering solutions. This paper presents a novel methodology for the detailed design of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning systems in cruise vessels, leveraging Building Information Modelling and parametric modelling within Autodesk® Revit MEP. The approach addresses key limitations of traditional manual workflows by enabling automated duct weight estimation and equipment list generation directly from the model environment. A case study involving two representative shipboard zones - a cabin deck and a galley - was used to compare the proposed methodology with conventional practices. The BIM-based approach demonstrated substantial improvements in efficiency, accuracy, and data reliability. By embedding engineering logic and functional metadata in a 3D parametric model, the methodology supports real-time updates, parallel task execution, and alignment with the project's Work Breakdown Structure, enhancing information flow between engineering and production. The system is structured to interface with simulation platforms and immersive technologies, facilitating virtual prototyping and laying groundwork for future digital twin integration. The results highlight the method's potential to drive digital transformation in marine HVAC design.