Non-Interferometric Techniques for X-ray Phase-Contrast Biomedical Imaging

CONTENTS 50.1 Introduction 50.2 General Considerations 50.3 Analyzer-Based Imaging 50.3.1 The Rocking Curve 50.3.2 A Simple Model of AB Image Formation 50.3.2.1 The Sample Introduces Refraction, But No USAXS 50.3.2.2 The Sample Introduces USAXS, But No Refraction 50.3.2.3 The Sample Introduces Both Refraction and USAXS 50.3.3 Phase Retrieval 50.3.3.1 The Sample Introduces Refraction, But No USAXS 50.3.3.2 The Sample Introduces USAXS, But No Refraction 50.3.3.3 The Sample Introduces Both Refraction and USAXS 50.3.3.4 Other Approaches to Phase Retrieval 50.3.4 Requirements 50.4 Edge Illumination 50.4.1 The Illumination Curve 50.4.2 Phase Retrieval and Sensitivity 50.4.3 Coherence Requirements 50.5 Computed Tomography 50.6 Applications to Biomedical Imaging 50.6.1 Breast 50.6.2 Musculoskeletal Phase-Contrast Imaging 50.6.3 Lung 50.6.4 Neuroimaging 50.6.5 Vasculature, Circulation, and Other Tissues 50.7 Conclusion References