Chemistry, Toxicology and Etiology of Marine Biotoxins

Marine biotoxins refer to bioactive natural products primarily produced by microalgae and bacteria and may affect aquatic organisms and human health [1]. The blooming of certain species of dinoflagellate or diatom causes plankton-feeding bivalve mollusks to become poisonous, and consuming these bivalves prompts human intoxication, inducing paralytic, diarrheic, neurologic, and amnesic shellfish poisonings. Having elucidated these microalgae’s appearance patterns and principal toxins’ chemical properties, the risk of shellfish poisoning has been avoided by monitoring plankton and toxins. This Special Issue aims to present new findings on the chemical, toxicological, and etiological aspects of marine biotoxins, as well as observations and evidence in health risk assessment, analysis, and management, which might contribute to the research areas mentioned above. In this Special Issue, eleven manuscripts (two reviews and nine original articles) contributed and covered various marine biotoxins, including tetramine, palytoxins, ciguatoxins, tetrodotoxins, and okadaic acids.