Quantitative 3D refractive index decrement reconstruction using single-distance phase-contrast tomography data

X-ray propagation-based phase-contrast imaging is an attractive phase-sensitive imaging technique that has found applications in many research fields. Here, we report the investigations of a method which can quantitatively reconstruct in 3D the refractive index decrement of a quasi-homogeneous object using single-distance phase-contrast tomography data. The method extends the Born-type approximation phase-retrieval algorithm, which is based on the phase-attenuation duality (ε = δ/β, with constant ε) and suitable for homogeneous objects, to tomography and we study its application to quasi-homogeneous objects. The noise performance and the phase-attenuation duality influences of the method are also investigated. In simulation, the method allows us to quantitatively reconstruct the 3D refractive index decrement for quasi-homogeneous and weakly absorbing samples and it performs well in the practical noise situation. Furthermore, it shows a substantial contrast increase and successfully distinguishes different materials in a quasi-homogeneous and weakly absorbing sample from experimental data, even with inappropriate ε value.