In the last two decades, peptide-based biomaterials have become very popular in different research areas such as diagnostics, therapeutics and regenerative medicine. In particular, ultrashort (2-3 amino acids) peptides are particularly attractive for their ease of preparation and low-cost. Their self-assembly can yield supramolecular hydrogels that are inherently biocompatible and biodegradable. Unfortunately, prediction of self-assembly and hydrogelation of unprotected tripeptides is remarkably difficult, as shown in recent studies. Interestingly, it was reported that substitution of the N-terminal amino acid with its D-enantiomer can yield self-assembling tripeptides that gel, from hydrophobic L-analogues that do not. For this reason, a series of 16 tripeptides of stereoconfiguration D-L-L was chosen as a subject of study for self-assembly and hydrogelation and is described in this thesis. The tripeptides were synthesised by solid-phase, purified by RP-HPLC, characterised at the molecular level by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, ESI-MS, and CD. The tripeptides were probed for self-assembly and gelation at physiological conditions (i.e., phosphate buffer, pH 7.3). Their supramolecular behaviour was then investigated by means of CD, FT-IR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. 12 new hydrogelators were identified and their minimum gelling concentration (MGC) was determined. The systems were investigated by means of oscillatory rheometry. Finally, selected sequences were evaluated for cytotoxicity in vitro on fibroblast cell culture, revealing a promising performance for future applications as biomaterials.

Negli ultimi due decenni, i biomateriali a base di peptidi sono diventati molto popolari in diverse aree della ricerca come la diagnostica, la terapia e la medicina rigenerativa. In particolare, peptidi molto brevi (2-3 amminoacidi) sono molto interessanti per la loro semplicità di preparazione e basso costo. La loro auto-organizzazione può portare alla formazione di idrogel che sono per la loro natura tendenzialmente biocompatibili e biodegradabili. Purtroppo però predire quali sequenze di tripeptidi (privi di gruppi protettori) siano in grado di formare gel è estremamente difficile, come riportato in recenti studi. Tuttavia, un aspetto interessante è che recentemente si è visto che la sostituzione dell’amminoacido N-terminale con il suo D-enantiomero può risultare in tripeptidi che gelificano, a partire da L-analoghi idrofobici che non formano gel. Per questo motivo, una serie di 16 tripeptidi con stereoconfigurazione D-L-L è stata scelta come soggetto di studio per l’auto-organizzazione e gelificazione ed è descritta in questa tesi. I tripeptide sono stati sintetizzati in fase solida, purificati tramite RP-HPLC, caratterizzati a livello molecolare tramite 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, ESI-MS e CD. I tripeptidi sono stati quindi testati per l’auto-organizzazione in idrogel in condizioni fisiologiche (tampone fosfato, pH 7.3). Il loro comportamento supramolecolare è stato quindi studiato tramite CD, FT-IR, microscopia a trasmissione elettronica (TEM), e diffrazione di raggi-X su singolo cristallo. 12 nuove sequenze in grado di formare idrogel sono state identificate e la loro concentrazione minima di gelificazione (MGC) è stata determinata. I sistemi sono stati studiati tramite reometria oscillatoria. Infine, sono state selezionate delle sequenze per effettuare delle prove di citotossicità in vitro su cultura cellular di fibroblasti. Questi esperimenti hanno rivelato una promettente performance per lo sviluppo futuro di biomateriali.

SELF-ASSEMBLY INTO HYDROGELS OF D,L-HETEROCHIRAL TRIPEPTIDES / Parisi, Evelina. - (2019 Mar 01).

SELF-ASSEMBLY INTO HYDROGELS OF D,L-HETEROCHIRAL TRIPEPTIDES

PARISI, EVELINA
2019-03-01

Abstract

In the last two decades, peptide-based biomaterials have become very popular in different research areas such as diagnostics, therapeutics and regenerative medicine. In particular, ultrashort (2-3 amino acids) peptides are particularly attractive for their ease of preparation and low-cost. Their self-assembly can yield supramolecular hydrogels that are inherently biocompatible and biodegradable. Unfortunately, prediction of self-assembly and hydrogelation of unprotected tripeptides is remarkably difficult, as shown in recent studies. Interestingly, it was reported that substitution of the N-terminal amino acid with its D-enantiomer can yield self-assembling tripeptides that gel, from hydrophobic L-analogues that do not. For this reason, a series of 16 tripeptides of stereoconfiguration D-L-L was chosen as a subject of study for self-assembly and hydrogelation and is described in this thesis. The tripeptides were synthesised by solid-phase, purified by RP-HPLC, characterised at the molecular level by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, ESI-MS, and CD. The tripeptides were probed for self-assembly and gelation at physiological conditions (i.e., phosphate buffer, pH 7.3). Their supramolecular behaviour was then investigated by means of CD, FT-IR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. 12 new hydrogelators were identified and their minimum gelling concentration (MGC) was determined. The systems were investigated by means of oscillatory rheometry. Finally, selected sequences were evaluated for cytotoxicity in vitro on fibroblast cell culture, revealing a promising performance for future applications as biomaterials.
1-mar-2019
MARCHESAN, SILVIA
31
2017/2018
Settore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organica
Università degli Studi di Trieste
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11368/2938809
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