Garibaldi and the dictatorship. Features and cultural sources

The interpretive scheme that I propose is the following: motives and reasons drawn from classical Roman history - through above all, but not only, Machiavelli's lesson - and solicitations coming from contemporaneity - in particular the Buonarrotian reflections on the French revolution and the South American experiences - produced in distinct moments deeply differentiated results in Garibaldi's idea of dictatorship. Before the unification, the proposed dictatorship, theorized and practiced by Garibaldi, is a dictatorship that contains in part the characteristics of the sovereign dictatorship and in part the characteristics of the commissarial dictatorship and that - due to its particular specificity – I suggest we name Risorgimento dictatorship. After the unification, Garibaldi instead theorized and proposed an educative dictatorship, which is fully included in the typology of the sovereign dictatorship and shows contact points with the notion of revolutionary dictatorship.