Background The genetic park of FVG is a research project started in 2008 to study complex traits and diseases in isolated communities of the region. Within this project, hundreds of functional parameters including clinical biochemical data plus several phenotypes e.g., neurological, audiological, cardiological and odontostomatological were collected in approx. 2.500 subjects. Diseases were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision (ICD-10). Aim of the study The present study was focused on bruxism and aimed to deepen the knowledge of its etiology by investigating the influence of the genetic and non-genetic factors in north-eastern Italy’s isolated populations within the context of the wider research program “FVG Genetic Park”. In detail, the main aims were: I) to evaluate the possible risk factors for bruxism, II) to identify new candidate genes associated with bruxism and, III) to confirm the genes described in the literature as already associated with bruxism through a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS). Materials and methods Data collection FVG Genetic Park participants with data on bruxism and available DNA samples (for the GWAS approach) were included. Bruxism was clinically diagnosed considering the presence of tooth wear, pain and/or hypertrophy of the masticatory muscles at palpation and self-reports. Anxiety disorder (AD) was coded F41.9 of the ICD-10. Additional lifestyle data i.e., smoking habits, alcohol and caffeine consumption were collected. Data analyses I) Logistic mixed models adjusted for age and sex were used to evaluate associations between bruxism and AD, smoke, alcohol and caffeine consumption; a p-value<0.05 was considered significant. II) A case-control GWAS (135 cases, 525 controls) adjusted for age, sex and AD was performed. SNPs with a p-value<1×10-5 were considered as suggestive significant. Results and discussion Demographic data 161 individuals (21.4% females) presented bruxism out of 679 (mean age 42.7±18.9 years). Bruxism prevalence (20.9%) was in line with literature data. Phenotypes associations AD was a risk factor for bruxism (OR=2.55; 95% CI 1.18–5.21; p=0.014) according to the literature. Indeed, cases showed a higher prevalence of AD (8.1%) than controls (3.1%). GWAS The GWAS highlighted three new candidate genes: NLGN1 (top SNP rs2046718; p-value=2.63x10-7), RIMBP2 (top SNP rs571497947; p-value=4.68x10-7) and LHFP (top SNP rs2324342; p-value=7.47x10-6). NLGN1 regulates synaptic development, transmission and plasticity; RIMBP2 encodes a pre-synaptic binding protein involved in neuromuscular synaptic transmission and, LHFP encodes a tetraspan transmembrane protein. The genes described in the literature as already associated with bruxism were not replicated. Conclusions This is the first Italian GWAS on bruxism. The findings highlighted new promising candidate genes potentially involved in neurobiological mechanisms underlying bruxism’s etiopathogenesis. Further studies are however needed to shed light on their relevance and pathophysiological roles.

Background Il “Parco Genetico del Friuli-Venezia Giulia (FVG)” è un progetto di ricerca iniziato nel 2008 con lo scopo di studiare le più comuni patologie e tratti complessi in comunità isolate della regione FVG, Nord-Est d’Italia. Nell’ambito del progetto sono stati raccolti centinaia di parametri funzionali inclusi dati clinici, biochimici e numerosi fenotipi tra cui ad esempio, neurologico, cardiologico, nutrizionale ed odontostomatologico in circa 2.500 individui. Le patologie sono state classificate secondo la Classificazione Statistica Internazionale delle Malattie e dei Problemi Sanitari Correlati, Decima Revisione (ICD-10). Scopo dello studio Oggetto del presente lavoro è stato lo studio dell’eziologia del bruxismo attraverso un’analisi statistica volta ad individuare i fattori genetici ed ambientali coinvolti in popolazioni isolate del FVG nel più ampio contesto del “Parco Genetico del FVG”. Nel dettaglio, gli obiettivi sono stati: I) valutare i possibili fattori di rischio per il bruxismo, II) identificare nuovi geni candidati per il bruxismo e, III) confermare i geni descritti in letteratura come già associati al bruxismo tramite l’esecuzione di uno studio di associazione su tutto il genoma (Genome–Wide Association Study). Materiali e metodi Raccolta dati I partecipanti al “Parco Genetico del FVG” con dati sul bruxismo e campioni di DNA disponibili (per l’approccio GWAS), sono stati inclusi nello studio. Il bruxismo è stato diagnosticato clinicamente considerando la presenza di segni di usura dentale (da attrito) sui denti antagonisti, ipertrofia alla palpazione ed ispezione dei muscoli masticatori e/o dolore alla palpazione degli stessi e self-reports. Il disturbo d’ansia (AD) è stato codificato F 41.9, ICD-10. Sono stati raccolti inoltre i dati sulle seguenti abitudini: fumo, consumo di caffeina e di alcol. Analisi dati I) Modelli di regressione logistica ad effetto misto corretti per età, sesso e paese d’origine sono stati utilizzati per valutare le associazioni tra bruxismo e AD, fumo e consumo di caffeina ed alcol; un valore p<0.05 è stato considerato significativo. II) È stata eseguita un’analisi GWAS caso – controllo (135 casi, 525 controlli) corretta per età, sesso, paese d’origine e AD; Polimorfismi a Singolo Nucleotide (SNPs) con un valore p<1×10-5 sono stati considerati suggestivi. Risultati e discussione Dati demografici 161 individui (21.4% femmine) presentavano bruxismo su 679 individui (età media 42.7±18.9 anni). La prevalenza del bruxismo è risultata in linea con i dati di letteratura. Associazioni fenotipiche AD è risultato un fattore di rischio per il bruxismo (OR=2.55; 95% CI 1.18–5.21; p=0.014) in accordo con i dati di letteratura. I casi hanno mostrato infatti una maggior prevalenza di AD (8.1%) rispetto ai controlli (3.1%). GWAS L’analisi GWAS ha evidenziato tre nuovi geni candidati: NLGN1 (top SNP rs2046718; p-value=2.63x10-7), RIMBP2 (top SNP rs571497947; p-value=4.68x10-7) e LHFP (top SNP rs2324342; p-value=7.47x10-6). NLGN1 regola lo sviluppo, la trasmissione e la plasticità sinaptica; RIMBP2 codifica per una proteina multidominio coinvolta nella trasmissione presinaptica e LHFP codifica per una tetraspanina. I geni descritti in letteratura come già associati al bruxismo non sono stati replicati. Conclusioni Il presente studio è il primo GWAS eseguito sul bruxismo in una popolazione Italiana. I risultati hanno evidenziato tre nuovi geni candidati potenzialmente coinvolti nei meccanismi neurobiologici dell’eziopatogenesi del bruxismo. Ulteriori studi sono tuttavia necessari per approfondirne la rilevanza ed i ruoli patofisiologici.

LE BASI MOLECOLARI DEL BRUXISMO: IL PRIMO STUDIO ITALIANO DI ASSOCIAZIONE SU TUTTO IL GENOMA (GWAS) IN UNA COORTE CLINICAMENTE CARATTERIZZATA DI POPOLAZIONI GENETICAMENTE ISOLATE / Luppieri, Valentina. - (2024 Mar 22).

LE BASI MOLECOLARI DEL BRUXISMO: IL PRIMO STUDIO ITALIANO DI ASSOCIAZIONE SU TUTTO IL GENOMA (GWAS) IN UNA COORTE CLINICAMENTE CARATTERIZZATA DI POPOLAZIONI GENETICAMENTE ISOLATE

LUPPIERI, VALENTINA
2024-03-22

Abstract

Background The genetic park of FVG is a research project started in 2008 to study complex traits and diseases in isolated communities of the region. Within this project, hundreds of functional parameters including clinical biochemical data plus several phenotypes e.g., neurological, audiological, cardiological and odontostomatological were collected in approx. 2.500 subjects. Diseases were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision (ICD-10). Aim of the study The present study was focused on bruxism and aimed to deepen the knowledge of its etiology by investigating the influence of the genetic and non-genetic factors in north-eastern Italy’s isolated populations within the context of the wider research program “FVG Genetic Park”. In detail, the main aims were: I) to evaluate the possible risk factors for bruxism, II) to identify new candidate genes associated with bruxism and, III) to confirm the genes described in the literature as already associated with bruxism through a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS). Materials and methods Data collection FVG Genetic Park participants with data on bruxism and available DNA samples (for the GWAS approach) were included. Bruxism was clinically diagnosed considering the presence of tooth wear, pain and/or hypertrophy of the masticatory muscles at palpation and self-reports. Anxiety disorder (AD) was coded F41.9 of the ICD-10. Additional lifestyle data i.e., smoking habits, alcohol and caffeine consumption were collected. Data analyses I) Logistic mixed models adjusted for age and sex were used to evaluate associations between bruxism and AD, smoke, alcohol and caffeine consumption; a p-value<0.05 was considered significant. II) A case-control GWAS (135 cases, 525 controls) adjusted for age, sex and AD was performed. SNPs with a p-value<1×10-5 were considered as suggestive significant. Results and discussion Demographic data 161 individuals (21.4% females) presented bruxism out of 679 (mean age 42.7±18.9 years). Bruxism prevalence (20.9%) was in line with literature data. Phenotypes associations AD was a risk factor for bruxism (OR=2.55; 95% CI 1.18–5.21; p=0.014) according to the literature. Indeed, cases showed a higher prevalence of AD (8.1%) than controls (3.1%). GWAS The GWAS highlighted three new candidate genes: NLGN1 (top SNP rs2046718; p-value=2.63x10-7), RIMBP2 (top SNP rs571497947; p-value=4.68x10-7) and LHFP (top SNP rs2324342; p-value=7.47x10-6). NLGN1 regulates synaptic development, transmission and plasticity; RIMBP2 encodes a pre-synaptic binding protein involved in neuromuscular synaptic transmission and, LHFP encodes a tetraspan transmembrane protein. The genes described in the literature as already associated with bruxism were not replicated. Conclusions This is the first Italian GWAS on bruxism. The findings highlighted new promising candidate genes potentially involved in neurobiological mechanisms underlying bruxism’s etiopathogenesis. Further studies are however needed to shed light on their relevance and pathophysiological roles.
22-mar-2024
CADENARO, MILENA
GIROTTO, GIORGIA
36
2022/2023
Settore MED/28 - Malattie Odontostomatologiche
Università degli Studi di Trieste
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11368/3071828
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