Through a series of case studies and virtuous examples, the thesis investigates regeneration processes involving fortified landscapes within urban contexts and built before the 20th century which, through landscape design, fostered sustainable, inclusive, and participative urban strategies of reuse, regeneration, and reintegration. The structure of the thesis is organized into three parts: 1-Memory. In this first part, a state-of-the-art and research survey about the essential relationship linking fortified landscapes to their urban and landscaped surroundings is collected. First of all, the evolution of the idea of landscape is overviewed, addressing both the polysemic dimension of the term and a series of paradoxes created by the idea of landscape itself. Secondly, the contemporary meaning of landscape within urban contexts is investigated through the reconstruction of the stages that marked the evolution of the shape of the city in connection to fortifications; in addition, the relationship between fortified heritage and nature over centuries is reviewed. Finally, the birth of the public garden’s history is retraced, along with its evolution and transformation that have always been closely intertwined both with changes within urban aesthetic, socio-cultural and formal climate and, at least in the early stages, with the areas adjacent to the city walls. 2-Traces, Places, and Design Experiences. In the second part of the thesis, attention is focused on different fortification typologies still present today within the European context. These are supplemented by summary sheets bringing out some data about their formal, dimensional, and relational features in relation to the urban contexts they are located in. Consequently, the decommissioning phenomenon related to this heritage becomes the focus, investigating how it produced different scenarios, also questioning the reason why some of these can be considered relevant experiences from the point of view of knowledge, protection, and valorization relating to this specific heritage. These experiences are then collected in an Anthology; subsequently, some of them are investigated through three levels of analysis: firstly, some major urban regeneration processes involving fortified landscapes were analyzed; secondly, some relevant case studies were reread through the intermediate reading level’s project sheets; finally, three case studies were thoroughly investigated and collected in the third part of the thesis. 3-Urban regeneration outcomes. As a result of the emergence of two macro-issues in the first two levels of investigation, three other case studies are here reported: Fort Saint Jean in Marseille, the city walls of Bergamo Alta, and the two citadels in the city of Erfurt. In conclusion, a summary of actions and regeneration strategies emerging from the projects that were investigated in Level II and Level III is proposed.

La tesi indaga, servendosi della rilettura di una serie di casi studio ed esempi virtuosi, i processi di rigenerazione che hanno coinvolto paesaggi fortificati inseriti in contesti urbani - realizzati prima del Novecento - che, attraverso il progetto di paesaggio, hanno promosso strategie urbane di riuso, rigenerazione e re-inserimento sostenibili, inclusive e partecipative. La struttura della tesi è suddivisa in tre parti: 1-Memoria In questa prima parte è stata raccolta la ricognizione sullo stato dell’arte e della ricerca riguardo l’essenziale rapporto che lega i paesaggi fortificati al loro intorno urbano e paesaggistico. Per fare ciò si è partiti, prima di tutto, dall’evoluzione dell’idea di paesaggio affrontando sia la dimensione polisemica del termine sia una serie di paradossi che l’idea stessa di paesaggio ha creato. Si è poi proseguito con l’indagare cosa sia diventato, oggi, il tema paesaggio all’interno dei contesti urbani attraverso la ricostruzione delle tappe che hanno segnato l’evoluzione della forma della città, collegata alle fortificazioni, e il rapporto che queste ultime hanno intessuto nei secoli con la natura. È stata quindi ripercorsa la storia della nascita del giardino pubblico, la sua evoluzione e trasformazione strettamente connessa ai mutamenti del clima estetico, socioculturale e formale della città e, almeno nelle prime fasi, agli ambiti limitrofi le mura urbane. 2-Tracce, luoghi, ed esperienze progettuali Nella seconda parte, invece, si è andati a porre l’attenzione sulle diverse tipologie di fortificazioni presenti ancora oggi all’interno del contesto Europeo, le quali sono state affiancate da una scheda riassuntiva che ne fa emergere alcuni dati relativi a caratteristiche formali, dimensionali e relazionali rispetto ai contesti urbani all’interno dei quali sono inserite. Conseguentemente, ci si è concentrati sul fenomeno della dismissione relativo a questo patrimonio, su come questo abbia prodotto diversi scenari di dismissione e in che modo alcuni di questi siano riusciti a definire esperienze rilevanti dal punto di vista della conoscenza, tutela e valorizzazione. Queste esperienze sono state poi raccolte in un’Antologia e, alcune di queste, indagate attraverso tre livelli di approfondimento: dapprima sono stati analizzati i grandi processi di rigenerazione urbana che hanno coinvolto alcuni paesaggi fortificati; sono stati poi riletti - con un livello di lettura intermedio - alcuni casi studio rilevanti tramite delle schede di progetto; Infine, approfondito tre casi studio, raccolti nella terza parte della tesi. 3-Esiti urbani di rigenerazione A seguito dell’emergere di due macro-questioni derivanti dai primi due livelli di approfondimento, vengono qui riportati altri casi studio: Forte Saint Jean a Marsiglia, la cinta muraria di Bergamo Alta e le due cittadelle, presenti nella città di Erfurt. Per concludere, viene proposta una sintesi delle azioni e delle strategie di rigenerazione emerse dai progetti indagati nel II e III livello di lettura.

Paesaggi fortificati, valori da difendere. Verso una rigenerazione dei ‘Paesaggi Perduti’ / Casolino, Giulia. - (2024 May 09).

Paesaggi fortificati, valori da difendere. Verso una rigenerazione dei ‘Paesaggi Perduti’

CASOLINO, GIULIA
2024-05-09

Abstract

Through a series of case studies and virtuous examples, the thesis investigates regeneration processes involving fortified landscapes within urban contexts and built before the 20th century which, through landscape design, fostered sustainable, inclusive, and participative urban strategies of reuse, regeneration, and reintegration. The structure of the thesis is organized into three parts: 1-Memory. In this first part, a state-of-the-art and research survey about the essential relationship linking fortified landscapes to their urban and landscaped surroundings is collected. First of all, the evolution of the idea of landscape is overviewed, addressing both the polysemic dimension of the term and a series of paradoxes created by the idea of landscape itself. Secondly, the contemporary meaning of landscape within urban contexts is investigated through the reconstruction of the stages that marked the evolution of the shape of the city in connection to fortifications; in addition, the relationship between fortified heritage and nature over centuries is reviewed. Finally, the birth of the public garden’s history is retraced, along with its evolution and transformation that have always been closely intertwined both with changes within urban aesthetic, socio-cultural and formal climate and, at least in the early stages, with the areas adjacent to the city walls. 2-Traces, Places, and Design Experiences. In the second part of the thesis, attention is focused on different fortification typologies still present today within the European context. These are supplemented by summary sheets bringing out some data about their formal, dimensional, and relational features in relation to the urban contexts they are located in. Consequently, the decommissioning phenomenon related to this heritage becomes the focus, investigating how it produced different scenarios, also questioning the reason why some of these can be considered relevant experiences from the point of view of knowledge, protection, and valorization relating to this specific heritage. These experiences are then collected in an Anthology; subsequently, some of them are investigated through three levels of analysis: firstly, some major urban regeneration processes involving fortified landscapes were analyzed; secondly, some relevant case studies were reread through the intermediate reading level’s project sheets; finally, three case studies were thoroughly investigated and collected in the third part of the thesis. 3-Urban regeneration outcomes. As a result of the emergence of two macro-issues in the first two levels of investigation, three other case studies are here reported: Fort Saint Jean in Marseille, the city walls of Bergamo Alta, and the two citadels in the city of Erfurt. In conclusion, a summary of actions and regeneration strategies emerging from the projects that were investigated in Level II and Level III is proposed.
9-mag-2024
MARIN, ALESSANDRA
36
2022/2023
Settore ICAR/21 - Urbanistica
Università degli Studi di Trieste
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Descrizione: Paesaggi fortificati, valori da difendere. Verso una rigenerazione dei ‘Paesaggi Perduti’
Tipologia: Tesi di dottorato
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11368/3074867
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