Dark energy survey year 3 results: Cosmological constraints from cluster abundances, weak lensing, and galaxy clustering

Abbott, T. M. C.; Aguena, M.; Alarcon, A.; Amon, A.; Anbajagane, D.; Andrade-Oliveira, F.; Avila, S.; Allam, S. S.; Bacon, D.; Becker, M. R.; Bhargava, S.; Blazek, J.; Bocquet, S.; Brooks, D.; Carnero Rosell, A.; Carretero, J.; Castander, F. J.; Chang, C.; Choi, A.; Conselice, C.; Costanzi, M.; Crocce, M.; Da Costa, L. N.; Pereira, M. E. S.; Doux, C.; Davis, T. M.; Desai, S.; Diehl, H. T.; Dodelson, S.; Doel, P.; Elvin-Poole, J.; Esteves, J.; Everett, S.; Farahi, A.; Ferte, A.; Flaugher, B.; Garcia-Bellido, J.; Gatti, M.; Giannini, G.; Giles, P.; Grandis, S.; Gruen, D.; Gruendl, R. A.; Gutierrez, G.; Harrison, I.; Hinton, S. R.; Hollowood, D. L.; Honscheid, K.; Jeffrey, N.; Jeltema, T.; Krause, E.; Lahav, O.; Lee, S.; Lidman, C.; Lima, M.; Lin, H.; Mohr, J. J.; Marshall, J. L.; Mccullough, J.; Mena-Fern'andez, J.; Miquel, R.; Muir, J.; Myles, J.; Ogando, R. L. C.; Palmese, A.; Paterno, M.; Plazas Malagon, A. A.; Porredon, A.; Prat, J.; Romer, A. K.; Roodman, A.; Rozo, E.; Rykoff, E. S.; Rosenfeld, R.; Sanchez, E.; Sanchez Cid, D.; Sevilla-Noarbe, I.; Smith, M.; Suchyta, E.; Shin, T. -H.; Tarle, G.; Thomas, D.; C. -H., To; Troxel, M. A.; Vikram, V.; Walker, A. R.; Weinberg, D. H.; Weaverdyck, N.; Wechsler, R. H.; Weller, J.; H. -Y., Wu; Yamamoto, M.; Yanny, B.; Zhang, Y.; Zhou, C.

doi:10.1103/3dzh-d8f5

Galaxy clusters provide a unique probe of the late-time cosmic structure and serve as a powerful independent test of the ΛCDM model. This work presents the first set of cosmological constraints derived with ∼16; 000 optically selected redMaPPer clusters across nearly 5000 deg2 using DES year 3 datasets. Our analysis leverages a consistent modeling framework for galaxy cluster cosmology and DES-Y3 joint analyses of galaxy clustering and weak lensing (3 × 2pt), ensuring direct comparability with the DES-Y3 3 × 2pt analysis.We obtain constraints of $$ and $$ from the cluster-based data vector. We find that cluster constraints and 3 × 2pt constraints are consistent under the ΛCDM model with a posterior predictive distribution (PPD) value of 0.53. The consistency between clusters and 3 × 2pt provides a stringent test of ΛCDM across different mass and spatial scales. Jointly analyzing clusters with 3 × 2pt further improves cosmological constraints, yielding $$ and $$, a 24% improvement in the Ωm − S8 figure of merit over 3 × 2pt alone. Moreover, we find no significant deviation from the Planck CMB constraints with a probability to exceed (PTE) value of 0.6, significantly reducing previous S8 tension claims. Finally, combining DES 3 × 2pt, DES clusters, and PlanckCMBplaces an upper limit on the sum of neutrino masses of Pmν < 0.26 eV at 95% confidence under the ΛCDM model. These results establish optically selected clusters as a key cosmological probe and pave the way for cluster-based analyses in upcoming stage-IV surveys such as LSST, Euclid, and Roman.

Dark energy survey year 3 results: Cosmological constraints from cluster abundances, weak lensing, and galaxy clustering / Abbott, T. M. C.; Aguena, M.; Alarcon, A.; Amon, A.; Anbajagane, D.; Andrade-Oliveira, F.; Avila, S.; Allam, S. S.; Bacon, D.; Becker, M. R.; Bhargava, S.; Blazek, J.; Bocquet, S.; Brooks, D.; Carnero Rosell, A.; Carretero, J.; Castander, F. J.; Chang, C.; Choi, A.; Conselice, C.; Costanzi, M.; Crocce, M.; Da Costa, L. N.; Pereira, M. E. S.; Doux, C.; Davis, T. M.; Desai, S.; Diehl, H. T.; Dodelson, S.; Doel, P.; Elvin-Poole, J.; Esteves, J.; Everett, S.; Farahi, A.; Ferte, A.; Flaugher, B.; Garcia-Bellido, J.; Gatti, M.; Giannini, G.; Giles, P.; Grandis, S.; Gruen, D.; Gruendl, R. A.; Gutierrez, G.; Harrison, I.; Hinton, S. R.; Hollowood, D. L.; Honscheid, K.; Jeffrey, N.; Jeltema, T.; Krause, E.; Lahav, O.; Lee, S.; Lidman, C.; Lima, M.; Lin, H.; Mohr, J. J.; Marshall, J. L.; Mccullough, J.; Mena-Fern'andez, J.; Miquel, R.; Muir, J.; Myles, J.; Ogando, R. L. C.; Palmese, A.; Paterno, M.; Plazas Malagon, A. A.; Porredon, A.; Prat, J.; Romer, A. K.; Roodman, A.; Rozo, E.; Rykoff, E. S.; Rosenfeld, R.; Sanchez, E.; Sanchez Cid, D.; Sevilla-Noarbe, I.; Smith, M.; Suchyta, E.; Shin, T. -H.; Tarle, G.; Thomas, D.; C. -H., To; Troxel, M. A.; Vikram, V.; Walker, A. R.; Weinberg, D. H.; Weaverdyck, N.; Wechsler, R. H.; Weller, J.; H. -Y., Wu; Yamamoto, M.; Yanny, B.; Zhang, Y.; Zhou, C.. - In: PHYSICAL REVIEW D. - ISSN 2470-0010. - 112:8(2025), pp. ---. [10.1103/3dzh-d8f5]