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Is there an association between commonly employed biomarkers of liver fibrosis and liver stiffness in the general population?

Introduction and objectives: Surrogate biomarkers of liver fibrosis developed in tertiary care are increasingly used in general populations. We evaluated the association between liver stiffness (LS) and five continuous (AST/ALT, APRI, Forns Index, FIB-4, GGT) and two discrete biomarkers (BARD, BAAT) in a general population. Patients and methods: 636 (29%) of the 2159 citizens of the Bagnacavallo Study had LS measured by transient elastography. Using linear regression with univariate multiple ...

The Gut-Liver-Brain Axis: From the Head to the Feet

The gut-liver-brain axis, a multifaceted network of communication, intricately connects the enteric, hepatic, and central nervous systems [1,2]. One crucial aspect of this complex interaction is the impact of the brain on the functions of the intestines and liver, specifically in relation to the modulation of immune cell activities [3]. On the other hand, the gastrointestinal tract and liver have substantial impacts on cognitive function and overall mental health, primarily by influencing the...

Effects of SiO2-based scaffolds in TiO2 photocatalyzed CO2 reduction

CO2 photoreduction has claimed as appealing process to upgrade a waste gas into valuable fuels or chemicals. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most popular material used as catalyst for this reaction, having however a poor activity. The utilization of transparent, insulating and highly porous scaffolds to support a photoactive phase has been reported as one of the possible strategies to improve the performances of this material. In this work, two silica-based materials with different poro...

Unraveling oxygen-driven surface segregation dynamics in platinum-gold alloys

In this study we use high-energy resolution and fast X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) measurements combined with Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the interplay between surface segregation and bulk migration of Pt atoms on Au(111) in an oxygen environment. We demonstrate that the segregation of Pt atoms is significantly influenced by the oxygen partial pressure and identify a range of O2 pressure where PtAu surface alloy formation is inhibited while promoting t...

Carbon-dots-conjugated semiconductors for enhanced solar-driven photocatalysis

In the last decades, the rising levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere have been increasingly attributed to the global warming effect. Photocatalysis, which exploits the energy of light and abundant semiconductor materials, may represent a promising method to enable more sustainable catalytic reactions. However, the current applicability is mainly hindered by the design of materials capable of efficiently harvesting solar light to conduct photo-catalytic reactions. In this c...

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