Exploring the dynamics of matter driven to extreme non-equilibrium states by an intense ultrashort X-ray pulse is becoming reality, thanks to the advent of free-electron laser technology that allows development of different schemes for probing the response at variable time delay with a second pulse. Here we report the generation of two-colour extreme ultraviolet pulses of controlled wavelengths, intensity and timing by seeding of high-gain harmonic generation free-electron laser with multiple independent laser pulses. The potential of this new scheme is demonstrated by the time evolution of a titanium-grating diffraction pattern, tuning the two coherent pulses to the titanium M-resonance and varying their intensities. This reveals that an intense pulse induces abrupt pattern changes on a time scale shorter than hydrodynamic expansion and ablation. This result exemplifies the essential capabilities of the jitter-free multiple-colour free-electron laser pulse sequences to study evolving states of matter with element sensitivity.
Two-colour pump-probe experiments with a twin-pulse-seed extreme ultraviolet free-electron laser / Allaria, E., Bencivenga, F., Borghes, R., Capotondi, F., Castronovo, D., Charalambous, P., Cinquegrana, P., Danailov, M.B., DE NINNO, G., Demidovich, A., Di Mitri, S., Diviacco, B., Fausti, D., Fawley, W.M., Ferrari, E., Froehlich, L., Gauthier, D., Gessini, A., Giannessi, L., Ivanov, R., et al.. - In: NATURE COMMUNICATIONS. - ISSN 2041-1723. - 4:(2013), pp. 2476.1-2476.7. [10.1038/ncomms3476]
Two-colour pump-probe experiments with a twin-pulse-seed extreme ultraviolet free-electron laser
CAPOTONDI, FLAVIO;CINQUEGRANA, PAOLO;DE NINNO, GIOVANNI;FAUSTI, DANIELE;FERRARI, EUGENIO;KISKINOVA, MAYA;SERPICO, CLAUDIO;SVETINA, CRISTIAN;TROVÒ, MAURO;
2013-01-01
Abstract
Exploring the dynamics of matter driven to extreme non-equilibrium states by an intense ultrashort X-ray pulse is becoming reality, thanks to the advent of free-electron laser technology that allows development of different schemes for probing the response at variable time delay with a second pulse. Here we report the generation of two-colour extreme ultraviolet pulses of controlled wavelengths, intensity and timing by seeding of high-gain harmonic generation free-electron laser with multiple independent laser pulses. The potential of this new scheme is demonstrated by the time evolution of a titanium-grating diffraction pattern, tuning the two coherent pulses to the titanium M-resonance and varying their intensities. This reveals that an intense pulse induces abrupt pattern changes on a time scale shorter than hydrodynamic expansion and ablation. This result exemplifies the essential capabilities of the jitter-free multiple-colour free-electron laser pulse sequences to study evolving states of matter with element sensitivity.Pubblicazioni consigliate
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