El español de América en el paisaje lingüístico genovés. El pretérito perfecto compuesto en las narraciones de estudiantes latinoamericanos

The interest in the analysis of the Linguistic Landscape (LL) in the field of sociolinguistics has notably grown since the increase in migratory movements and globalization process. Although works on this subject usually analyze written signs found in urban environments (Franco-Rodríguez 2008, 2009, 2013; Pons Rodríguez 2012; Castillo Lluch, Sáez Rivera 2013; Calvi 2015, 2016, 2017; Landone 2015a, 2015b; Uberti Bona 2016; Ariolfo 2017, etc.), in this case we will analyze the spoken use of language in the educational linguistic landscape, specifically addressing the use of the present perfect in interviews with first and second generation students from Latin America living in Genoa and enrolled in its university, thus leading to the emergence of some varieties of Spanish in which the use of past tenses has specific features of its own. This study analyses, on the one hand, the use of present perfect with innovative epistemic values, which have already been studied in certain linguistic contexts (Pfänder, Palacios 2013; Palacios Alcaine 2005, 2006, 2007; Bustamante 1991; Henderson 2006; Caravedo, Klee 2012; Jara Yupanqui 2009; Araujo 2014, etc.), and that are not fully recognized in the Nueva Gramática of the RAE: evidentially and validating values, semantic-pragmatic values (expressivity, emotional intensity or psychological relevance), narrative and discursive values (commentative-narrative, introduction-denouement, direct speech, etc.). On the other hand, this article focuses on in the aoristic use of the present perfect, which may be prompted, in some cases, by linguistic convergence towards their local language.