Optimal Planning of Electrified Parking Infrastructure in Alpine Ski Resorts With Renewable Integration

The electrification of mobility in alpine regions poses significant challenges due to seasonal demand peaks, limited grid capacity, and concentrated traffic flows. This paper investigates the electrification of parking infrastructures serving ski resorts, considering different penetration levels of electrified parking lots based on parking capacity and existing charging stations. Critical operating conditions, such as full parking occupancy during peak ski periods, are analyzed to evaluate their impact on the local power system. An alpine resort is examined to assess current charging infrastructure, identify renewable energy integration opportunities, and propose scalable deployment strategies. A methodology is introduced to estimate charging station penetration using tourism and transport data. The resulting energy demand is evaluated under different infrastructure configurations, considering AC and DC charging technologies and spatial constraints. An optimization framework is proposed to determine the optimal electrification level while accounting for electrical, physical, and regulatory constraints. Results highlight the importance of coordinated planning, renewable integration, and smart energy management for sustainable electrification.